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Herbert Schaef

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
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Research Interests

• Environmental Geology
• Carbon Sequestration
• Mineralogy

Education and Credentials

• M.S., Geology, Texas Tech University, 1991
• B.S., Geology, Texas Tech University, 1989

Affiliations and Professional Service

• American Association of Petroleum Geologist

Awards and Recognitions

• Registered Professional Geologist Washington (No. 470)

PNNL Publications

2009

• Krupka KM, KJ Cantrell, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, WJ Deutsch, and MJ Lindberg. 2009. "Characterization of Solids in Residual Wastes from Single-Shell Tanks at the Hanford Site, Washington, USA - 9277." In WM2009 Waste Management for the Nuclear Renaissance, March 1-5, 2009, Phoenix, Arizona.  WM Symposia Inc., Tempe , AZ. 
• Schaef HT, and BP McGrail. 2009. "Dissolution of Columbia River Basalt Under Mildly Acidic Conditions as a Function of Temperature: Experimental Results Relevant to the Geological Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide." Applied Geochemistry 24(5):980-987. 

2008

• Brown CF, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, BA Williams, MM Valenta, VL Legore, MJ Lindberg, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and RE Clayton. 2008. Investigation of Accelerated Casing Corrosion in Two Wells at Waste Management Area A-AX. PNNL-15141 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Thallapally PK, BP McGrail, SJ Dalgarno, HT Schaef, J Tian, and JL Atwood. 2008. "Gas-Induced Transformation and Expansion of a Non-Porous Organic Solid." Nature Materials 7(2):146-150.  doi:10.1038/nmat2097
• Cantrell KJ, KM Krupka, KN Geiszler, MJ Lindberg, BW Arey, and HT Schaef. 2008. Hanford Tank 241-S-112 Residual Waste Composition and Leach Test Data. PNNL-17593, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Cantrell KJ, KM Krupka, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, HT Schaef, KN Geiszler, and BW Arey. 2008. Hanford Tank 241-C-103 Residual Waste Contaminant Release Models and Supporting Data. PNNL-16738, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Lindenmeier CW, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: RCRA Borehole 299-E33-338 Located Near the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14121 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Long PE, SK Wurstner, EC Sullivan, HT Schaef, and DJ Bradley. 2008. Preliminary Geospatial Analysis of Arctic Ocean Hydrocarbon Resources. PNNL-17922, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, DG Horton, DC Lanigan, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, MM Valenta, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, RD Orr, and CF Brown. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediments Below the T Tank Farm: Boreholes C4104, C4105, 299-W10-196, and RCRA Borehole 299-W11-39. PNNL-14849 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, G mccain, CW Lindenmeier, RD Orr, VL Legore, RE Clayton, MJ Lindberg, IV Kutynakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-46 Near B 110 in the B BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14119 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, BA Williams, DC Lanigan, DG Horton, RE Clayton, AV Mitroshkov, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, KE Parker, IV Kutnyakov, JN Serne, GV Last, SC Smith, CW Lindenmeier, JM Zachara, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Uncontaminated RCRA Borehole Core Samples and Composite Samples. PNNL-13757-1 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, and TS Vickerman. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-45 Near BX-102 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14083 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 41-09-39 in the S-SX Waste Management Area . PNNL-13757-3 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Slant Borehole SX-108 in the S-SX Waste Management Area . PNNL 13757-4 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2007

• McGrail BP, HT Schaef, MD White, T Zhu, AS Kulkarni, RB Hunter, SL Patil, AT Owen, and PF Martin. 2007. Using Carbon Dioxide to Enhance Recovery of Methane from Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Final Summary Report. PNNL-17035, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2007. Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241 C 204: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data. PNNL-14903 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2007. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data. PNNL-15187 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, SV Mattigod, HT Schaef, and BW Arey. 2007. Hanford Tanks 241-C-202 and 241-C-203 Residual Waste Contaminant Release Models and Supporting Data. PNNL-16229, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, WJ Deutsch, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, MJ Lindberg, and KJ Cantrell. 2007. "Characterization of Solids in Residual Wastes from Underground Storage Tanks at the Hanford Site, Washington, U.S.A." In 30th International Symposium on Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management, Boston, November 27 – December 1, 2006. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, vol. 985, ed. D.E. Dunn, C. Poinssot, and B. Begg, pp. 473-482.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 
• McGrail BP, S Ahmed, HT Schaef, AT Owen, PPNNL Martin, and T Zhu. 2007. "Gas Hydrate Property Measurements in Porous Sediments With Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy." Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth 112(B05202):, doi:10.1029/2005JB004084
• Serne RJ, MJ Lindberg, TE Jones, HT Schaef, and KM Krupka. 2007. Laboratory-Scale Bismuth Phosphate Extraction Process Simulation To Track Fate of Fission Products. PNNL-14120, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2006

• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2006. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Impact of Cement Reactions on Release of Contaminants from Residual Waste. PNNL-15544, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, CF Brown, HT Schaef, SM Heald, MM Valenta, and BW Arey. 2006. "Rhenium Uptake, as Analogue for Tc-99, by Steel Corrosion Products." In Proceedings of the 11th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWM), April 30 - May 4, 2006, Las Vegas, Nevada, ed. B. Sagar (Technical Program Chair), pp. 905-912.  American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL. 
• Krupka KM, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, and KJ Cantrell. 2006. "Residual Waste from Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241-C-204. I. Solids Characterization." Environmental Science and Technology 40(12):3749-3754, and sup. info. file. 
• McGrail BP, HT Schaef, AM Ho, YJ Chien, JJ Dooley, and CL Davidson. 2006. "Potential for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Flood Basalts." Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth 111(B12):Art. No. B12201. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2006. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126 Rev. 2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2005

• Brown CF, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, BA Williams, MM Valenta, VL LeGore, MJ Lindberg, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and RE Clayton. 2005. Investigation of Accelerated Casing Corrosion in Two Wells at Waste Management Area A-AX. PNNL-15141, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Ainsworth CC, JM Zachara, KB Wagnon, SG McKinley, C Liu, SC Smith, HT Schaef, and PL Gassman. 2005. "Impact of Highly Basic Solutions on Sorption of Cs+ to Subsurface Sediments from the Hanford Site, USA." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69(20):4787-4800. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, MJ Lindberg, HT Schaef, SM Heald, BW Arey, and RK Kukkadapu. 2005. Advances in Geochemical Testing of Key Contaminants in Residual Hanford Tank Waste . PNNL-15372, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2005. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data . PNNL-15187, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Kim DS, CZ Soderquist, JP Icenhower, BP McGrail, RD Scheele, BK McNamara, LM Bagaasen, MJ Schweiger, JV Crum, JD Yeager, J Matyas, LP Darnell, HT Schaef, AT Owen, AE Kozelisky, LA Snow, and MJ Steele. 2005. Tc Reductant Chemistry and Crucible Melting Studies with Simulated Hanford Low-Activity Waste. PNNL-15131, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2005. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2005. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Um W, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, CF Brown, VL Legore, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, MM Valenta, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and MJ Lindberg. 2005. Characterization of 200-UP-1 Aquifer Sediments and Results of Sorption-Desorption Tests Using Spiked Uncontaminated Groundwater. PNNL-15502, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2004

• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2004. Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241-C-204: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data . PNNL-14903, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, NJ Hess, HT Schaef, and BW Arey. 2004. Hanford Tanks 241-AY-102 and 241-BX-101: Sludge Composition and Contaminant Release Data . PNNL-14614, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, EA Rodriguez, HT Schaef, P Saripalli, RJ Serne, KM Krupka, PF Martin, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, LR Reed, and WJ Shaw. 2004. Waste Form Release Data Package for the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-14805, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2003

• Horton DG, HT Schaef, RJ Serne, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, and KE Parker. 2003. Geochemistry of Samples from Borehole C3177(299-E24-21). PNNL-14289, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Kaplan DI, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, KE Parker, AT Owen, DE McCready, and JS Young. 2003. The Influence of Glass Leachate on the Hydraulic, Physical, Mineralogical and Sorptive Properties of Hanford Sediment. PNNL-14325, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Lindenmeier CW, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2003. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: RCRA Borehole 299-E33-338 Located Near the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14121, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• McGrail BP, EM Pierce, HT Schaef, EA Rodriguez, JL Steele, AT Owen, and DM Wellman. 2003. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified and Steam Reformed Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support A Preliminary Risk Assessment for an Integrated Disposal Facility. PNNL-14414, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Strachan DM, HT Schaef, MJ Schweiger, KL Simmons, LJ Woodcock, and MK Krouse. 2003. "A versatile and inexpensive XRD sample holder for highly radioactive or hazardous samples." Powder Diffraction 18(1):23-28. 

2002

• Serne RJ, CF Brown, HT Schaef, EM Pierce, MJ Lindberg, Z Wang, PL Gassman, and JG Catalano. 2002. 300 Area Uranium Leach and Adsorption Project. PNNL-14022, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, RG Mccain, CW Lindenmeier, RD Orr, VL Legore, RE Clayton, MJ Lindberg, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-46 Near Tank B-110 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. . PNNL-14119, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, BA Williams, DC Lanigan, DG Horton, RE Clayton, AV Mitroshkov, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, KE Parker, IV Kutnyakov, JN Serne, GV Last, SC Smith, CW Lindenmeier, JM Zachara, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Uncontaminated RCRA Borehole Core Samples and Composite Samples. PNNL-13757-1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, and TS Vickerman. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-45 Near BX-102 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14083, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 41-09-39 in the S-SX Waste Management Area. PNNL-13757-3, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Slant Borehole SX-108 in the S-SX Waste Management Area. PNNL-13757-4, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, HT Schaef, BN Bjornstad, DC Lanigan, GW Gee, CW Lindenmeier, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, GV Last, IV Kutnyakov, DS Burke, TC Wilson, and BA Williams. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-W23-19 [SX -115] in the S-SX Waste Management Area. . PNNL-13757-2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Strachan DM, RD Scheele, AE Kozelisky, RL Sell, HT Schaef, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, and WC Buchmiller. 2002. "Radiation Damage in Titanate Ceramics Used for Plutonium Immobilization." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXV, vol. 713, pp. 461-468.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 

2001

• McGrail BP, DH Bacon, JP Icenhower, FM Mann, RJ Puigh, HT Schaef, and SV Mattigod. 2001. "Near-Field Performance Assessment for a Low-Activity Waste Glass Disposal System: Laboratory Testing to Modeling Results." Journal of Nuclear Materials 298(1-2):95-111. 
• McKinley JP, CJ Zeissler, JM Zachara, RJ Serne, RM Lindstrom, HT Schaef, and RD Orr. 2001. "Distribution and Retention of 137Cs in Sediments at the Hanford Site, Washington." Environmental Science and Technology 35(17):3433-3441. 
• Strachan DM, RD Scheele, JP Icenhower, AE Kozelisky, RL Sell, VL Legore, HT Schaef, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, and WC Buchmiller. 2001. The Status of Radiation Damage Experiments. PNNL-13721, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2000

• Icenhower JP, BP McGrail, HT Schaef, and EA Cordova. 2000. "Dissolution Kinetics of Titanium Pyrochlore Ceramics at 90?C by Single-Pass Flow-Through Experiments." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII, vol. 23, ed. R.W. Smith and D.W. Shoesmith, pp. 373-378 .  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 
• McGrail BP, PF Martin, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, and AT Owen. 2000. "Glass/Ceramic Interactions in the Can-In-Canister Configuration for Disposal of Excess Weapons Plutonium." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII, Symposium, 29 Nov.-2 Dec.1999, Boston, MA, USA. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 608, pp. 345-352.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 
• McGrail BP, JP Icenhower, PF Martin, DR Rector, HT Schaef, EA Rodriguez, and JL Steele. 2000. Low-Activity Waste Glass Studies: FY2000 Summary Report. PNNL-13381, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

1999

• McGrail BP, PF Martin, CW Lindenmeier, and HT Schaef. 1999. "Application of the Pressurised Unsaturated Flow (PUF) Test for Accelerated Ageing of Waste Forms." In Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, ed. Leslie G. Mallinson, pp. 313-320.  Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY. 

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